I'd counter that most conservatives favor balancing the benefits with receipts, not just cutting. Social Security taxes have gone from two percent to 12.4 percent and, combined with Medicare taxes, now represent about a third of total Federal receipts. Everyone pays it, as opposed to Federal income taxes, which is one of the few reasons why the bottom forty percent of taxpayers (those with incomes of about $60,000 or less) pay anything. Bottom forty pays about five percent of total individual taxes brought in (both payroll - SS & Medicare - and income tax) and their incomes represent about twelve percent of total income.
In terms of defense spending, that's about twelve percent of the total budget, while social programs are already about half the budget, and growing at breakneck speed. It's not sustainable. Our nation will not go broke because of defense spending, it will be due to social programs and, eventually, interest. Since the War on Poverty, we've created generations of dependents unable to care for themselves, and incrementally we've transformed our budget to a socialist model. Able-bodied people should be on government assistance as a temporary measure, but that has gone to the wayside.
Not familiar with the military dogs. I've heard how hard it is for someone to adopt one following its service, but once adopted the new owner should assume responsibility. I don't see why the government should fund an adopted animal's care.